Human Nature Self-Interest Altruism - 988 Words

Human Nature: Self-Interest vs. Altruism A debate encompassing human nature has carried on for centuries, and philosophers throughout history have provided a vast inventory of explanations they deem to be sufficient in understanding the perplex idea of human nature. A question commonly debated regarding human nature is determining whether human beings are naturally self-interested or altruistic. Political philosophers Bernard Mandeville and Francis Hutcheson specifically addressed this question, but each arrived at different conclusions based on personal observation and reasoning. Mandeville, influenced by Hobbesian thought, advocated the belief that human beings were naturally self-interested. Opposing the idea of self-interest,†¦show more content†¦He considers exciting reasons as merely an appeal to self-interest, and â€Å"have nothing to do with moral justification† (1971). Differentiating, justifying reasons â€Å"establish the virtue, moral goodness, or moral obligations of actions† (1971) . This reasoning explains his opposition to Mandeville’s view that moral distinctions derive from self-interest, and declares these distinctions as undoubtedly self-determining. The basis of Hutcheson’s theory expresses that the â€Å"moral sense† tends to be consistent as long as it is not interfered with. Interfering forces such as â€Å"ignorance, mistaken belief, prejudice, or the like† are corrected and addressed by reason (1971). He concludes his statements with an underlying theme which states â€Å"the benevolent one is reasonable and the malicious unreasonable†, based on the approval and disapproval of one’s moral sense (1971, 2004). Although both philosophers theorized about human nature more than two centuries ago, opposition and advocation for both is seen throughout current events. For example, Mandeville’s views can be advocated by the constant confrontation between the Israelis and the Arab world, more specifically the Palestinians. Neither side will relent to the interests of the other, viewing altruism with the other as being a weakener of their own state. If the Israelis recognize Palestine as a legitimate state, they lose both land and resources, while also fearing further invasion and conflict within Israel.Show MoreRelatedAn Argument Against The Virtue of Selfishness by Ayn Rand780 Words   |  3 PagesIn The Virtue of Selfishness Ayn Rand argues that self-interest is the norm of ethics. Perhaps the strongest argument Rand gives for this claim relies on the argument that it is up to every individual to decide what values his or her life needs. Since it is important to know what morals one should have, or if one should even have any. In this paper I will argue that this argument fails because a self-interested person will belittle the interests of others for their own good, therefore damaging theRead MoreAltruism, By Charles Darwin1463 Words   |  6 PagesAltruism is the practice o f selfless concern for the well-being of others, or the behavior of an animal that benefits another at its own expense. Evidence shows that the act of altruism is unique in the world of animals. The interaction between those who are selfish and those who are altruistic is vital to human cooperation. A small group of altruistic people can give enough motivation to a large number of egotistical to move a mountain. Just as a large number of selfish people could push a smallRead MoreThe Personality Of Personality Psychology Essay1051 Words   |  5 Pagesuntil the moment they die. Yet, some researchers believe that the personality is the one thing about a person that does not change over time. 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Demetria Magazine . Ms. Milliner. Ees21Qh02. 1/20/17 .

Demetria Magazine Ms. Milliner EES21QH:02 1/20/17 Othello: Mindset and Grit Mindset and grit are two characteristics one must have in order to succeed. In the play Othello many characters portrayed having grit whether it was in a positive or negative light. In the play Othello characters such as Iago, Desdemona, Othello and Roderigo all display grit and mindset. In order to understand how the characters portray grit and mindset you must understand what the two mean. The definition of grit is the courage and resolve; strength of character. Angela Duckworth a psychology professor defines â€Å"grit† as â€Å"sticking with things over the very long term until you master them’’. According to Duckworth, the â€Å"†¦show more content†¦Iago is evil and he doesn t care who he hurts; he enjoys it. Although Iago is evil he does display grit and mindset. Iago persuades Cassio into drinking a lot then has Roderigo provoke him into a fight. When Montano tries to break it up Cassio hurts him. This made Othello intervene and stop the fight. Iago planned the whole thing out but he plays it off like he s shocked about what happened. Othello ends up firing Cassio. Iago tries to persuade Cassio into thinking that he can get Desdemona to talk Othello into giving him his job back. This is all apart of Iago s evil plan. After firing Cassio Desdemona tries to stick up for Cassio. To get Othello even more upset Iago tells Othello that i t s lust that makes Desdemona speak up for Cassio. Iago believes it s an excellent plan to bring down Othello. He says, So will I turn her virtue into pitch, And out of her own goodness make the net That shall enmesh them all (360-362). Iago plans to use Desdemona as a way to get under Othello s skin. This shows grit in Iago because he is determined to ruin Othello and anyone in his way. He tries anything he can to achieve this goal. In order to destroy Othello, he must also destroy Roderigo, Emilia, Desdemona, and eventually himself. Iago is a hard character to place under a specific mindset. Reviewing Iago s actions he shows he has a growth mindset. Having a growth mindset

Entrepreneurship Of A New Business - Myassignmenthelp.Com

Question: Discuss about the Entrepreneurship Of A New Business. Answer: Introduction Entrepreneurship is a term often used to describe new business ventures. The setting up of a new business venture involves meticulous analysis of a variety of factors that are likely to impact its performance. The evaluation of probable causes, resources at hand, need for acquiring additional assets and the financial constraints are very essential to give a clearer framework for the start up to follow. The first stage of setting up a business starts with the planning and preparation of the business plan. A business plan can be referred as a road-map that helps to analyze the trends existing in the industry and an overview of future prospects with the available resources (McKenzie, 2015). It also helps in providing a prior insight to the enable the business prepare for the upcoming challenges it is likely to face in the future and the existing competition. Company/Product The business venture is proposed in the field of opening up of a 24 hour restaurant in Wigram Street, near the University of Western Sydney. The products in this context are the services offered in the restaurant, food, drinks, beverages, online gaming, board games and a reading room. The purpose is to provide a place where customers can come and find relaxation by enjoying food and drinks (Watson et al., 2016). The facilities for playing online games and board games will also be there and reading area where they can read their favorite books or, novels and be stress-free during their leisure hours and exams one 24 hour basis. The restaurant would also arrange for gaming consoles for the interested players providing. The sole aim of providing the facilities of reading section and gaming is to give additional facilities along with the conventional services of food and drinks served in restaurants normally on a 24 hours mode. The restaurant will also focus on providing healthy food where there will be a menu of few carbohydrate free dishes taking into account the calories involved in the dishes. The proposed name of the restaurant is Grill Chill. The aim behind keeping the name such is to give a feel of a stress free, tension free relaxation zone to the customers where they can come and enjoy dishes, cool drinks and play games with very high and customer focused service quality 24X7 (Finch, 2016). The proposed location spot of the restaurant Grill Chill is in Wigram Street which is near the premises of the University of Western Sydney. Mode of functioning The restaurant is designed in a manner that it can accommodate a total of 40 customers at a given period of time in the dining area. The gaming area can accommodate two players at a time and the reading lounge provides a space for ten people to sit and read. A structure of rotational time-table shifts is followed so that employees can work in shifts. At a particular shift, 1 manager, 3 employees in the cash counter and billing area and 10 waiters can work. In the game section, 2 employees can assist the customers. There will also be staff in the kitchen to help the chef prepare the dishes for the menu. There will be 1 chef and 3 other employees to assist him. During the night shifts, a similar structure will be followed as well. Market opportunity Business researchers in the recent times have found out that this principle is the sole reason that restaurant and hotel businesses base on (Blank, 2013). In order to understand the exclusive market opportunities that setting up a restaurant would have in the Wigram area a market research was conducted. Market survey A total of 40 respondents were selected by a method of probability sampling were selected to conduct the survey. The questions used for the survey were based on the Likert scale to understand the taste and preferences of the potential customers. Question 1 60% of the respondents visited a restaurant frequently highlighting the fact that the area was very potential for the location of a restaurant. Question 2 About 54% of the respondents did not prefer the services of the existing food joint nearby and 40% found it of average quality which indicated that since 60% of them went to restaurants frequently they must have to search and find other options. Question 3 It addressed the issue of the needs that drive customers in that area to the food joints. 48% of the respondents looked for additional offerings like games and music, while 32% also looked for music. Question 4 52% said that they would like to visit a restaurant with games, reading area and music along with food and drink services. Question 5 51.5% responded that they would like to use food, games and reading and 31% said food and games. Question 6 40% said that they looked for all the four facilities while, 26% looked for the quality of food and prices and 18% looked for quality of food and services. It helped in understanding the fact that students and youngsters want to have a place where they can play games, listen to good music and enjoy food and drinks at any time during the night or day. It also underlined the need of the customers to have a zone for them where they can relax and be stress free. Value proposition In the area of Wigram Street, there is no similar restaurant that offers such a wide and diverse service. The only such facility available is 1.8 kilometer away which is not very favorable as it is far. The existing restaurant in that area is Not just curries which mainly serves Asian cuisines. This differentiates the proposed restaurant from it with a focus on the tastes of the young customers and students from the nearby university. The facility to play games transforms the proposed restaurant as a place with great youthful vibrancy where the students can release their stress and relax. The flexible timing and the inclusion of the gaming facilities also provides a competitive advantage to Grill Chill as a restaurant business. Target customers It is also important to understand the fact that the restaurant located near the University would have two specific types of the customers. The first type would be the young students of the university and the others would be the general customers. The restaurant will be open for 24 hours for the students who are living in the campus for during the examinations. Segmentation Demographics The students who are studying in the university or college and between the age group of 18-27 years will be targeted. In addition to this, middle class and other regular customers will also be targeted. Customer relationships It is important to understand that the needs of customers are divergent and keep changing with time (Parsa et al., 2015). These measures that can be taken into consideration by the restaurant are: Analyzing customer preferences: Understanding the tastes, preferences, likes and dislikes of the customers is very important to deliver what they think is best for them (Jones et al., 2013). An efficient and skilled staff: The warm and friendly behavior, politeness, efficiency in providing the correct information and the commitment they showcase in delivering the best service will go a long way to build good customer relations (Tran, 2016). Integrating all channels of communication: It can also offer special offers, special offers to customers who make online bookings or orders, seasonal discounts and festival offers as in Christmas or Thanksgiving. Distribution Channels Food will be delivered to the customers in the restaurant based on orders. The restaurant set up will have a section where there will be the gaming consoles, another with a reading area in the form of a comfortable sitting lounge area. The customers can also avail the services by prior booking through the website. This will consist 10% of the customers. The facilities of membership are also available for customers whereby they can avail membership cards for a year and enjoy the services at discounted rates. The dishes served in the restaurant will be prepared in the kitchen afresh attached with the restaurant. This will also require the setting up of an inventory where the raw materials necessary will be kept largely procured from organic markets. Key activities The key activities involve: Procurement of raw materials like vegetables, meat, fish and other necessary ingredients for cooking, drinks and beverages, equipments to set up the gaming station, furniture, infrastructure to set up the restaurant. Manufacturing or cooking the dishes and beverages to be served keeping a check on the quality standards promised to the customers Engaging in solving the problems faced by customers related to issues like difficulty in choosing the appropriate dish, combo meals, combo offers, booking services Providing a network of effective customer handling staff well equipped and professionally groomed dedicated to deliver best services to customers Key Resources The resources which a firm employs in manufacturing a product or delivering a service are the key resources of the firm (Schaper et al., 2014). These include: Physical resources: the property or building, furniture, infrastructure, equipments Financial resources: investment in the raw materials, transportation charges, marketing, advertising budgets, salaries paid to employees, investment on procuring the daily raw materials, maintenance of the restaurant, game stations, investment on setting up the infrastructure and daily cash transactions Human resource: the employees, management and the valued customers Intangible resources: these include the trade secrets, special recipes, restaurant environment, brand goodwill, ability to create good customer satisfaction Key partnership The partnerships with the suppliers to acquire raw materials necessary are also included here (Thomas et al., 2014). The necessary vegetables, meat, dairy products can be procured from the wholesalers at lower prices. In the proposed restaurant business the partnerships with the suppliers of raw materials, equipments to set up the gaming station, the partnerships with e commerce websites to promote the restaurant in the online media, partnership with food industry critics for a time to time evaluation of the quality standards, local authorities and communities surrounding the restaurant are important. Cost structure The food cost comprises of the procurements like staff labor, food, vegetables, groceries, meat, drinks, alcohol, supplies or procurements etc. The other associated expenses like management, marketing, communications, insurance, taxes etc are also taken into account. Lastly there are capitalization costs like interest, depreciation and amortization (Carayannis, Sindakis Walter, 2015). The associated costs with food are food, procurements, labor and with beverages the associated expenses are of alcohols, drinks and procurements. The gaming section has procurements related to gaming consoles. The other costs like maintenance, renting, communication and depreciation can be rightly classified into the cost of operations as these do not pertain to any one particular revenue source. Financial Analysis Source: Created by Author The total cost that would be required to start up the restaurant business after taking into consideration all the relevant cost is projected as a cost of AUD76,200. Profit and loss forecast Source: Created by Author Since this a forcast of profit and loss statement, we can say that due to competition from various resturants the profits are going to fluctuate throughout the year. Cash flow forecast Source: Created by Author As we have forcasted the companies cash flow position is going to be satisfactory. Balance Sheet forecast Source: Created by Author As the restaurant is in the process of getting incorporated, hence for now we cannot draw an inference from this balance sheet forecast. Revenue Flows/Streams The typical sources are elucidated here: walk in customers that is probably the biggest revenue component, take away customers are also important, for keeping revenues uninterrupted they doing door delivery orders, and the last one is the bulk catering orders which is the most profitable one as it helps in tiding over lean days. In Grill Chill, certain other services are being provided that are also capable of generating revenues like gaming section. The games like biking, car racing, rodeo bull game, air tennis etc. would be chargeable generating revenue. Some of the most loved dishes by Australians are Fish and Chips, Sausage Rolls, Burgers, Lamingtons, Barbecued Shrimp, Pavlovas, Meat pie etc (Lubyckij, 2015). The restaurant has been continuously innovating and as a result lamingtons have been selling as hot cakes. The restaurant vision is that there food stands out in all customers aspects considering elements like texture, taste, spice levels and appearance (Helmrich, 2015). Drinks include soft drinks like Coke and beverages like hot chocolate. They will serve Turmeric Chai Latte in the hot beverage section. To attract the youngsters a gaming section has also been introduced. This gaming section would be providing access to both high end and basic level gaming. Some of the most favorite among customers are Jurassic Park, Minion Madness and Star Wars Battle Pod. Reading Lounges have been providing a more personalized feel to the customers. They can relax in the reading lounge while reading books and ordering themselves a cup of coffee or hot chocolate. The prices have been kept reasonable aiming the young Australian crowd. The gaming activities are also chargeable. The customers have to get themselves a card by paying some amount and as they play the amount in the card gets exhausted. The main source of revenue for restaurant is food services. About 75% of the revenue gets earned from the food served. Next, comes the beverages section including drinks, alcohol and generates about 15% of the restaurants revenue. Lastly the gaming section contributes to 10% of the revenues restaurant. (Source: As Created by Author) Venture Management Team This team includes the ownership, management and the experts on sales and marketing, non managed teams, advisory team, consultants and an executive board. The legal experts, solicitors are also included in it. The non managed teams refer to the temporary workers which are hired to set up the telecommunication network, setting the utilities. The consultants are the people who are consulted for expert advice. It is the collaborated planning, execution and efforts laid into it that determines the success of a new business venture. Conclusion The initiative to set up a restaurant in the area near the University of Western Sydney is aimed at targeting a largely young customer base. Hence the restaurant plan is to be prepared and executed taking into account this vital aspect. As the market research proves that the area is potential for setting up of a restaurant that provides not only food and drinks but also games. The students can go there and have an opportunity to be stress free after their studies. This would also serve as a place where they can be revitalized to continue their studies in an efficient manner. The customers are paying for the food and beverages being served to them. A policy of segmenting the customers is adopted to help understand the diverse needs of the customers. The prices have been kept reasonable aiming the young Australian crowd. It is therefore expected that the business by following the above plan will lead to profitable outcomes. References Agarwal, R., Dahm, M. J. (2015). Success factors in independent ethnic restaurants.Journal of foodservice business research,18(1), 20-33. Blank, S. (2013). Why the lean start-up changes everything.Harvard business review,91(5), 63-72. Bryman, A., Bell, E. (2015).Business research methods. Oxford University Press, USA. Carayannis, E. G., Sindakis, S., Walter, C. (2015). Business model innovation as lever of organizational sustainability.The Journal of Technology Transfer,40(1), 85-104. Finch, B. (2016).How to write a business plan. Kogan Page Publishers. Hair, J. F. (2015).Essentials of business research methods. ME Sharpe. Helmrich, B. (2015).Ten things to do before opening a restaurant.NewsComAu. Retrieved 1 August 2017, from https://www.news.com.au/finance/small-business/ten-things-to-do-before-opening-a-restaurant/news-story/609bd2759685553e3020de79164acc3e Hoare, D. (2015). Fixed and Variable Costs in a Restaurant | Business Economics - A Library of Information. Businessecon.org. Retrieved 1 August 2017, from https://businessecon.org/2015/01/fixed-and-variable-costs-in-a-restaurant/ Hofer, C. (2016). The Evolution of Business Plans in International Business Management Plan Competitions. InModels of Start-up Thinking and Action: Theoretical, Empirical and Pedagogical Approaches(pp. 145-211). Emerald Group Publishing Limited. Jones, C., Penaluna, A., Matlay, H., Penaluna, K. (2013). The student business plan: useful or not?.Industry and Higher Education,27(6), 491-498. Leschke, J. (2013). Business model mapping: A new tool to encourage entrepreneurial activity and accelerate new venture creation.Journal of Marketing Development and Competitiveness,7(1), 18-26. Lubyckij, G. (2015). Our top 10 most iconic Australian foods. Australian Geographic. Retrieved 1 August 2017, from https://www.australiangeographic.com.au/topics/history-culture/2015/01/10-iconic-australian-foods-and-their-history McKeever, M. (2016).How to write a business plan. Nolo. McKenzie, D. J. (2015). Identifying and spurring high-growth entrepreneurship: experimental evidence from a business plan competition.Browser Download This Paper. Parsa, H. G., van der Rest, J. P. I., Smith, S. R., Parsa, R. A., Bujisic, M. (2015). Why restaurants fail? Part IV: The relationship between restaurant failures and demographic factors.Cornell Hospitality Quarterly,56(1), 80-90. Schaper, M. T., Volery, T., Weber, P. C., Gibson, B. (2014).Entrepreneurship and small business. Sekaran, U., Bougie, R. (2016).Research methods for business: A skill building approach. John Wiley Sons. Thomas, D. F., Gudmundson, D., Turner, K., Suhr, D. (2014). Business Plan Competitions and Their Impact on New Ventures' Business Models.Journal of Strategic Innovation and Sustainability,10(1), 34. Tran, L. Q. P. (2016). Business Plan: Elpis Restaurant. Wall-Mullen, E., Envick, B. R. (2015). Get a Clue: How Entrepreneurs Can Manage the Service Experience to Differentiate Themselves Provide Value Propositions That Maximize Customer Satisfaction.The Entrepreneurial Executive,20, 1. Watson, K., McGowan, P., Cooper, S. (2016). Reimagining the extracurricular business plan competition through the incorporation of effectuation. Zhang, W. (2016). Business Plan for an All You Can Eat Korean Restaurant in Ontario, California.

Porsche Essays - Sports Cars, Porsche 911 GT3, Porsche 911

Porsche I have narrowed down my project to just Porsche vehicles. I am not going to talk about the man behind the car to much. I have found several web sites that have criteria about Porsche and their different models and their performance. I will discuss these subjects along with others. The history of Porsche will be discussed. I will also talk about some different models such as the 911 GT3. I will also discuss the GT1 and GT3 race seriesI will also discuss Porches latest press releases. History The early years (the 40's & 50's) 1948: The very first Porsche. The very first Porsche 356/1 developed by Ferry Porsche and his proven team is completed in the Austrian town of Gm?nd and receives technical homologation on June 8,1949: Presentation of the Cisitalia racing car.The Cisitalia racing car is presented at the Torino Motor Show, featuring a 12-cylinder dual-compressor boxer engine in mid ship arrangement, 1493 cc, 385 bhp at 10600 rpm, top speed 300 km/h (186 mph), four-wheel drive with individual drive activation of the front wheels. 1950: Porsche returns to Zuffenhausen Porsche returns to Zuffenhausen, near Stuttgart. Thus begins a new chapter in Porsche's history. In rooms rented from the Reutter car body factory, production facilities are set up. Porsche becomes an independent automobile factory. 1951: Porsche's first international success in Le Mans Professor Ferdinand Porsche Sr. dies, aged 75. The Porsche 356 scores its first international success in motor racing, winning the 1100-cc category in the 24 Hours of Le Mans. 1953: Porsche 550 Spyder Presentation of the Fuhrmann engine for the Porsche 550 Spyder: 1.5 liter four-cylinder, four camshafts, 110 bhp 1956: the 10,000th Porsche 356 Commemorating the 25th anniversary of the Company, the 10,000th Porsche 356 leaves the production hall. Porsche has already scored 400 victories in motor racing. The 1.5 liter 550 Spyder, driven here by Richard von Frankenberg, becomes the "shark in the pool of perch" in major races, where it competed against cars with more horsepower. 1958: Commemorating the 25th anniversary of the Company, the 10,000th Porsche 356 leaves the production hall. Porsche has already scored 400 victories in motor racing. The 60's and 70's 1961: Work starts on a new six cylinder engine Behind closed doors, work starts on a new Porsche with a six cylinder engine. The body is designed by Ferdinand Alexander Porsche, Ferry Porsche's son. 1963: Porsche 911.At the Frankfurt International Automobile Show, Porsche presents the 911. The underlying concept of an air-cooled flat engine in the rear is retained.1964: Production start of the Porsche 911.1969: Porsche 914-4 and 914-6. Presentation of the 914-4 and 914-6 mid-engine sports cars at the Frankfurt Motor Show.Porsche for the second time wins the World Championships for works cars. For the second consecutive year, the 911 wins the Monte Carlo Rallye. 1970:The Porsche 917 (4.5-litre 12-cylinder boxer engine) shown to the public for the first time in Geneva wins virtually all races the world over, including the World Championship of Makes and the Endurance World Championship. Work starts at the Weissach Research and Development Centre. 1972: Porsche goes public. Under the guidance of Ferry Porsche as Chairman of the Supervisory Board, Porsche goes public. 1974: The first 911 Turbo With the 911 Turbo a new era begins: exhaust: exhaust turbo charged autos. 1975: The first Transaxle sports car. Porsche introduces the 924, the first Transaxle sports car with the engine at the front, the transmission and drive wheels at the rear. Production of the "big Porsche", the 928, starts in Stuttgart: V8 light-alloy engine, Transaxle configuration, Weissach axle. To this day the only sports car in the world ever to win the title of Sports Car of the Year. The 80's & 90's 1982: The Porsche 956, the most successful racing/sports car of all times, begins its victorious career. 1985: Launch of the Porsche 959, a spearhead in new technology. A limited number are built. In 1986, it is the first sports car to win the Paris-Dakar Rally. 1988: Launch of the new 911 Carrera 4.1989: Introduction of Tiptronic four-speed automatic transmission operated either manually (as a function of load) or serving as a fully automatic transmission. Featured for the first time in the new 911 Carrera 2. 1993: Presentation of the first Boxster concept car at the Detroit Auto Show. Launch of

The Glass Menageire essays

The Glass Menageire essays Biographical or Career Notes- For this drama, Tennessee Williams drew heavily upon his own family experiences, describing the lives of his mother, his sister, and himself. Williams father was a traveling shoe-salesman who spent little time at home and for the first few years of Williamss life, his mother and him lived with his mothers father. Tennessee Williams had few friends and his mother and father quarreled incessantly. Williams worked in a shoe factory, which he called a living death. Important Stage Directions or Background Descriptions of the Scene or Characters- The stage directions were a necessity to the play. If you did not read the stage directions, you would miss parts of what was going on. The stage directions also took care of describing how the characters felt and what their actions and reactions were. The stage directions also told where the characters were and what they were doing. Having stage directions made the theme and direction of the play more vivid and clearer to understand. The choice of characters was perfect for this play because their personalities fit well together to describe the theme of the play. 5. Identify, Summarize, and Analyze- Scene 1- Scene one involved introducing the characters in this play. It also provided the reader or audience with a feel for what exactly the characters of this play were really like. It is important to introduce the characters in the beginning of the play so the reader is able to relate to the characters all through the drama. This scene involved Amanda (the mother) talking to Laura about finding a gentleman and how she had so many gentlemen callers when she was her age. Scene 2- Scene two described how Laura (daughter) dropped out of business class and really wasnt involved in anything now. Amanda was not pleased with this at all. This scene also told how Laura only ever liked one boy Jim, someone she knew...

The Khajuraho temples Essays

The Khajuraho temples Essays The Khajuraho temples Essay The Khajuraho temples Essay Executive Summary India is celebrated for its great ethnicity and diverseness among the civilizations and these two chief elements reflect in the degree of touristry development in any part of the state. Apparently this has led the authorities and other several governments of touristry to name out the importance of heritage touristry in this twenty-first century. This study is based on the issues and impacts of touristry in Khajuraho, a UNESCO listed universe heritage site, celebrated for its alien graven temples. Khajuraho is a located in a cardinal province of India, and one of the oldest heritage sites in the universe. The temples were built a thousand old ages ago and still they stand dazing with all the ancient glorification. The touristry development in the country has changed many characteristics of the finish and there has been some issues sing the degree of touristry. The topographic point was found merely in the early decennaries of twentieth century and even from that clip Khajuraho still took so many decennaries to be printed in the universe celebrated heritage sites. The basic purpose of this study is to place the touristry developments and impacts of touristry in the selected touristry site and it is structured by get downing with a concise glance about the finish and followed by explicating the touristry developments in the country, discoursing the influences of touristry and its impacts among locals and suggestions to better the pattern of touristry followed by a decision which will sum up the overall study and research conducted. Background of the survey India is a big state with immense figure of population and great Numberss of both cultural and heritage musca volitanss. This exclusivity has made the county, a universe celebrated touristry finish in the planetary touristry map and regarded as a state, celebrated for its great cultural diverseness. Many of these heritage sites are secured by UNESCO- and are still endeavoring to happen a topographic point in their finish list. Ethnicity and diverseness are the two chief cardinal elements of Indian cultural Heritage touristry, and it is truly hard to concentrate on the whole state s touristry development and the impacts being confronting presently. To understand the effects of touristry on civilization, environment and economic system it was hence, I decided that this survey should look farther deep into the bosom of the state s heritage musca volitanss which are normally unknown for its ain patriots but comparatively known by other parts of the universe. Khajuraho, a universe heritage touristry site in the Central Indian State of Madhya Pradesh was chosen and examined to joint the nature and dimensions of some of the common issues from the impacts of local and international touristry. The survey stuffs used chiefly are dependable beginnings from the cyberspace and besides referred to the theories used in the touristry industry by associating to some of the instance surveies conducted in the subjected finish. Furthermore some parts of the study will be reflecting from my personal experience in the finish. The facts and figures received from the Indian authorities touristry web site back up and gives an overall glance of the importance of international touristry happening in that topographic point. Khajuraho: A mirror of Indian Heritage Khajuraho, a Central Indian State of Madhya Pradesh is universe celebrated for its UNESCO recognized heritage sites and patterns great heritage touristry. The site is good known for its imposing temples by reflecting the beauty of antique sculptures and constructions carved in immense individual sand rocks ( hypertext transfer protocol: //www.mptourism.com/dest/khajuraho.html ) .These temples, mirroring the sensuous images of both work forces and adult females besides lead to cast some visible radiations on the medieval Hindu and Jain civilizations The history of temples in Khajuraho small town is believed to be dated back to a thousand old ages ago, erected by the great Chandela Rajput Dynasty of Central India, by taking a century to construct more than 85 glorious temples with richly carved alone and brilliant sculptures. ( Gill, 2008 ) .During the depredation of clip merely 22 are managed to last and they stand still naming out the glorification of mediaeval architectural Masterss. Some of the temples are sculptured with luring titillating constructions stand foring the Tantric Vedas which the people in the small town used to pattern. The other Tourism activities include Khajuraho Dance Festival, organized every twelvemonth in the month of February or March for one hebdomad and the Daily Sound A ; Light Show ( ( Khajuraho, n.d. ) . Table-1 shows some general Information about Khajuraho ( hypertext transfer protocol: //www.delhitourism.com/khajuraho-tourism/ ) Degree of touristry development Ever since the airdrome is opened, a day-to-day flight operated from Delhi, the capital metropolis of India connected Khajuraho with some other celebrated finishs. These made the visitants to make at that place without any incommodiousness and besides the land transit installations improved, while linking to nearby of import towns and railroad station by running daily trips to Khajuraho. The chief important alterations in the degree of touristry happened was the creative activity of a Master Plan to steer the growing of Khajuraho and the establishment of the Khajuraho Dance Festival, a successful event that has, to some extent given Khajuraho a classical image ( Menon,1993 ) . What was Khajuraho before Khajuraho or the ancient name Khajurapura is believed to be derived from the word Khajurvahila intending the garden of day of the months surrounded the small town at that clip ( Krishnamurthy, 1996 ) . Deserted after the fourteenth century, the country was wholly unknown to outside universe until it was discovered by a immature British Army officer T.S. Burt in 1838 ( Menon, 1993 ) . Harmonizing the Ministry of Tourism, ( hypertext transfer protocol: //www.mptourism.com/dest/khajuraho.html ) after the bend down of the Chandela dynasty in the thirteenth century, the temples were hidden from outside universe by dense woods and shrubs about. Cipher knew the prototype of Indian Architecture was decreasing lingering in the violent disorder of clip. Many of the constructions were destroyed by conditions, the inanition and laxness of environing universe. But this concealed individuality must hold saved the staying temples from the early Muslim invasions in the yesteryear ( Hegewald A ; Mitra, 2008 ) . Harmonizing to Menon ( 1993 ) the temples were unknown to the universe until 1950 s and it was merely the foreign journalists and lensmans who published the exposure to the unfastened universe. The topographic point was opened to the tourers merely a few decennaries after the Independence of India from British in 1947 after constructing adequate installations for transit to acquire at that place. Changes after the touristry developments Today, Khajuraho is a flourishing tourer topographic point for both domestic and international travellers. The substructure is modified significantly by the authorities to the demands of thirsting travellers, as the old ages base on balls by. Harmonizing to ( UNESCO, 2005 ) few modest hotels were built in the early 1960ss to pull aliens and domestic tourers and the figure of people coming to see Khajuraho has changed dramatically of all time since the airdrome was built as the surface transit was non convenient plenty. The draft Development Plan produced by Indian Government in 1975 is besides guided consequent development of the country ( Menon, 1993 ) . Now the old small town of Khajuraho is changed perfectly into a topographic point with a figure of 8 star hotels including 2 five star ironss attached hotels and other budgeted hotels besides, in an country of merely few kilometres ( hypertext transfer protocol: //www.tourism-of-india.com/hotels-in-madhya-pradesh.html ) equipped wi th efficient roads entree, other transit and adjustment installations. Subsequently countries around Khajuraho have besides flourished and harvested the benefits from these touristry developments. Tourist profile There have been a batch of alterations happened during the last few decennaries and this has led to hold a important alteration in the demographics of travellers geting in Khajuraho. Menon ( 1993 ) stated that a few decennaries back, the foreign tourers sing Khajuraho comprised 3.3 % of entire figure of visitants to India and most of the tourers were independent and included in low budget class, half of the group tourers who visited India visited Khajuraho besides . The statistics published by the authorities a few old ages back, shows the enormous hiking in the figure of tourers visited the finish and it gives a limpid thought about the enlargement of the Khajuraho touristry programs ( Menon, 1993 ) The figure of people visited in the early 80 s were higher than in early 90 s in the domestic travellers as it is believed to be the ground of political instability at that clip. But the figure of foreign travellers remained changeless between these periods. Table 2 shows that entire Numberss of tourers in 1985-1986 were about 203,646, but in the early 90 s it was decreased to 151,350. ( Appendix I-IV ) There is a important per centum of addition in the figure of foreign visitants to Khajuraho in the current decennary about double the Numberss in old decennaries while the figure of domestic tourers remained changeless seemingly. This increasing figure of tourers chiefly depends on the degree of publicities of the finish or and the transit installations. Driving force It is non merely merely some sandstone structures to see in Khajuraho, but it is the picturesque word picture of mediaeval being of small town people ruled under the great Chandela male monarchs portrayed by the master of rock architecture about a millenary ago. It is the thrusting force of quaint beauty to take the travellers to Khajuraho from around the universe. The chief motive of going to Khajuraho is the luster of these sculptures in the temples. The authorities touristry board and other touristry bureaus have recognized the demand for touristry in the part and offer assorted touristry bundles including the nearby metropoliss of Khajuraho. It is another value added benefit for the travellers and a motivation to see Khajuraho. Although it is an icon of Heritage Tourism, the titillating sculptures, exemplifying the tantric humanistic disciplines in the sandstones attract many of the tourers from around the universe. Rise in the economy- A positive impact Though there are many identified impacts of touristry in Khajuraho, the most important one is the rise in the entire economic system, as the degree of touristry in the finish parts a major portion in the entire figure of foreign tourer flow into the state ( Appendix V ) As a consequence of touristry development plans which finally offered more than 3,000 occupation offers to the local community made the position of life style to travel up resourcefully as there was important growing in instruction and wellness attention systems. The other noticed consequences are in the local handcraft industry and the offering of big graduated table indirect employment in other sectors particularly in the agriculture ( UNESCO, 2005 ) . The development of touristry in the part have besides reduced the degree of poorness than the adjacent small towns as this mass touristry has helped the local people to indulge in increasing their personal income through assorted touristry activities. All those betterments in the public public-service corporation substructures and conveyance substructures in Khajuraho show the positive economical impacts and it has been forecasted to do a dramatic alteration in the future figure of tourers ( In 2015, anticipating 1,00,965 domestic to urers and 8,59,701 foreign tourers with a entire figure of 19,60,666 ) Appendix-VI Negative economic impact The degree of touristry has made some negative impacts in the local economic system to a certain degree, particularly the development plans by the authorities which brought many foreigners into the small town economic system. Alternatively of utilizing the natural resources, things are being imported from outside by the migrators. Most of the imported goods are manipulated as local art work and being sold to the tourers which is a escape in the integrating of locals and the authorities systems ( Menon, 1993 ) . Furthermore, the rising prices has increased due to the less supply for the high demand for local points caused by the touristry development plan. Harmonizing to Menon, ( 1993, p.37 ) a local usher explains that 20 old ages ago people were friendlier and shut together: touristry, he said, has made the people money-minded . Positive Environmental impact The natural state shrouded temples are titivated by the authorities by the degree of touristry in Khajuraho. Harmonizing to UNESCO, ( 2005 ) the topographic point is now equipped with complete substructure including transit, electricity, H2O supply, hotels and infirmaries. The temples are now protected by the Indian Central Government with the aid of archaeological and touristry sections to continue the Indian heritage, as they are wall protected by the security systems in order to avoid interlopers and hooliganisms. Now the temples are surrounded by gardens which are non genuinely, a portion of original temple designs, to heighten the beauty of temple premises. Apart from that, a cardinal museum is located in the small town to maintain the valuable broken parts from the temples and demo instance the antediluvian graphics to the visitants and the digging countries are restricted for public.One can clearly see that the old sleepy image of Khajuraho is wholly changed by the alterations happened in the environment due to the touristry ( Menon, 1993 ) . Negative Environmental impact Due to the features of the finish, Khajuraho poses really less damaging consequence on the physical environment as the tourers who visit are peculiar nature of excursionist activity and their primary purpose is merely to see the sculptures in the temples ( Menon, 1993 ) . Thus rate of losing the natural resources will be really less in the part comparing some other tourer finishs, nevertheless the mass sum of tourer flow into Khajuraho must hold changed the environment negatively due to the air pollution and solid wastes disposal. Furthermore the devastation of alone vegetations and zoologies in the country, due to the digging work go oning nearby the temples reduced the wild life in the encompassing part. The other considerable negative impacts are the air pollution caused by the aircrafts winging. A survey conducted by Indian cardinal archeological section found out that aircrafts winging over the temples produce a certain degree of quivers which could damage ancient memorials ( Ar chaeological Survey of India, n.d ) Harmonizing to a monthly societal consciousness magazine ( Khajuraho Special, 2004 ) land pollution and air pollution are some of the major environmental issues in Khajuraho faced by touristry. None of the hotels in Khajuraho have proper waste direction system or recycling system which persuade them to litter openly and so make the tourers, particularly the canned nutrients and other disposable points. In the same manner, increasing figure in touristry has caused the same figure in vehicles for transit which pollutes the air by breathing unsafe gases and doing to alter the atmospheric temperature. The concluding idea is about the shrinkage of H2O organic structures in the country, where the improper land use reduced the natural H2O resources drastically. Positive socio-cultural impact The life style in Khajuraho is being affected by touristry activities as a natural effect of socio-cultural impact. Peoples have been more cognizant of the touristry demands and other civilizations, to mix with other nationalities cleanly. The dance festivals and other cultural activities unite the local community and besides portray the true image of Khajuraho to tourers. It has been proved that there has nt been any ailment of sexual torment or harlotry, which shows that the local community is more antiphonal about societal norms ( Menon, 1993 ) and some of the local people have managed to do matrimony relationship with aliens. After all, some of the local community still indulge in their day-to-day supplications and travel to the temples for idolizing which point towards the painstaking touristry in the country. Negative socio-cultural impact The migration and colony of foreigners have changed Khajuraho societal and cultural environment, as now the local populations is dwelling of assorted cultural groups who drifted to do concern via touristry. The local linguistic communication spoken is really less in Khajuraho as bulk of people populating in Khajuraho are nonnative. From my personal experience in Khajuraho, what I could see chiefly was the kids and immature people are following the way of touristry to do money easy instead than traveling to schools and colleges. Most of them are grabbed by travel agents to go ushers and receive committee from them. Ultimately touristry has brought in these multi cultural societies who sell the true art for money into Khajuraho and interrupt the unity of local civilization. Recommendations and concluding ideas The promotional stuff and the information available to the tourers, cut down Khajuraho to a single-issue finish Menon ( 1993 ) . This image of Khajuraho is more likely a individual point finish where the touristry is merely focused on the animal sculptures in the temples. Alternatively of publicising the true illustration, the tourers are falsified by the travel agent Mafias which make them to take pleasance in the titillating portion of the heritage art worked temples alternatively of understanding the true rules of an ancient civilisation existed at that place. Hence the authorities should be more responsible to halt these deceptive by set uping illustrations such as supplying proper touristry selling runs, consciousness seminars and cultured steering system. Alternatively of concentrating merely on the temples, touristry board should take manus in developing the locality and adjacent vicinity as they are still under poorness and the wildlife around Khajuraho still remains unguar ded though it is reserved. Over the past old ages Asiatic states have on looked unbelievable societal, cultural, political and technological alterations ( Pandey, Chettri, Kunwar and Ghimire, 1995 ) .These important alterations have been received by the far-fetched development of touristry in the subjected states. Despite the fact that touristry fosters the national economic system to a certain extent, it has definite impacts on state s edifying ethnicity and bequest while go forthing the natural ownerships to an economic point of trade for income. Harmonizing to Bandyopadhyay, Morais, Chick ( 2008, p.791 ) , Tourism is non merely an sum of simply commercial activities ; it is besides an ideological framing of history, nature and tradition ; a framing that has the power to reshape civilization and nature to its ain demands. It is evident from this study that, these factors have surely affected either positively or negatively on the values of economic, environmental and socio cultural in Khajuraho. The concl uding say is touristry in Khajuraho has fostered over the old ages and it has changed many factors, it is the duty of each and every individual tourer who comes to see Khajuraho to pattern responsible touristry while mesmerized by the prehistoric sandstone sunglassess of ancient humanistic disciplines. Mentions Archaeological Survey of India. ( n.d ) . Periodic Reporting Exercise on the Application of the World Heritage Convention Section II: State of preservation of specific World Heritage belongingss. Retrieved March 27, 2010, from hypertext transfer protocol: //whc.unesco.org/archive/periodicreporting/apa/cycle01/section2/240.pdf Bandyopadhyay, R. , Morais, D. , A ; Chick, G. ( 2008 ) . Religion and individuality in Indi s heritage touristry. Annalss of Tourism Research, 35 ( 3 ) , 790-808. Retrieved March 27, 2010, from the Sciencedirect database. Hegewald, J. , A ; Mitra, S. ( 2008 ) . Jagannatha Compared: The political relations of appropriation, re-use and regional traditions in India ( Working Paper No. 36 ) , South Asia Institute at the University of Heidelberg. Retrieved March 28, 2010, from hypertext transfer protocol: //archiv.ub.uniheidelberg.de/volltextserver/volltexte/2008/8015/pdf/HPSACP_Hegewald_Mitra_final.pdf Khajuraho Special. ( 2004, January ) . Monthly societal consciousness magazine. Retrieved from hypertext transfer protocol: //www.goldengreentour.com/docs/MonthlyAwarenessMagJan.pdf Krishnamurthy, K. ( 1994 ) . A botanical history of Valmiki s pankavati. Indian Journal of History of Science, 31 ( 2 ) , 26. Retrieved from hypertext transfer protocol: //www.new.dli.ernet.in/rawdataupload/upload/insa/INSA_1/20005b5f_131.pdf Gill, C. ( 2008 ) . A Comparative Analysis of the Temples of Khajuraho and the Ruling Chandellas of India. Unpublished senior thesis. University of Wisconsin-La Crosse. USA Menon, K. ( 1993 ) . Case Study on the Effectss of Tourism on Culture and the Environment: India ; Jaisalmer, Khajuraho and Goa. RACAP Series on Culture and Tourism in Asia, 1, 99. Retrieved April 2, 2010, from the UNESCO database. Pandey, R. , Chetri, P. , Kunwar, R. , A ; Ghimire, G. ( 1995 ) . RACAP Series on Culture and Tourism in Asia. Case survey on the effects of touristry on civilization and the environment, 4, 66. Retrieved March 25, 2010, from hypertext transfer protocol: //unesdoc.unesco.org/images/0012/001226/122619eo.pdf UNESCO informations. ( 2005, November 21 ) . Major issues in touristry development in the Asiatic and Pacific part: Enhancing the function of touristry in socio-economic development and poorness decrease. Retrieved from hypertext transfer protocol: //www.unescap.org/ttdw/common/Meetings/STD/STD_3E.pdf ( hypertext transfer protocol: //www.mptourism.com/dest/khajuraho.html ) ( hypertext transfer protocol: //www.delhitourism.com/khajuraho-tourism/ ) ( hypertext transfer protocol: //www.tourism-of-india.com/hotels-in-madhya-pradesh.html ) Images Khajuraho temple. Retrieved March 25, 2010 from hypertext transfer protocol: //www.indialine.com/travel/images/khajuraho-temple.jpg Map of India. Retrieved March 25, 2010 from hypertext transfer protocol: //travel-monitor.com/gifs/map-of-india.jpg Pic1- Khajuraho temple. Retrieved March 28, 2010from hypertext transfer protocol: //www.indiacanvas.com/t A ; t/m.p/kha/800px-Khajuraho-Lakshmana_temple % 5B1 % 5D.jpg Pic2- Location.Retrieved March 28, 2010from hypertext transfer protocol: //www.surfindia.com/travel/gifs/khajuraho-map.jpg Pic3- Sculptures. Retrieved March 30, 2010from hypertext transfer protocol: //en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File: Khajuraho5.jpg Appendixs Appendix I- India Tourism Statistics 2006. Retrieved from hypertext transfer protocol: //www.tourism.gov.in/statistics/ITS2006.pdf Appendix II India Tourism Statistics 2006. Retrieved from hypertext transfer protocol: //www.tourism.gov.in/statistics/ITS2006.pdf Appendix III- Hotel Categories in India. Retrieved from hypertext transfer protocol: //www.tourism.gov.in/statistics/ITS2006.pdf Appendix IV- India Tourism Statistics 2006. Retrieved from hypertext transfer protocol: //www.tourism.gov.in/statistics/ITS2006.pdf Appendix V- Tourist Inflow. Retrieved from hypertext transfer protocol: //whc.unesco.org/archive/periodicreporting/apa/cycle01/section2/240.pdf Appendix VI- Forecasted Tourist reaching in 2015 ( Assessment of demand of Hotel Room / Accommodation in Metro Cities 13and 50 major Tourist Centers in India. Retrieved from Ministry of Tourism, hypertext transfer protocol: //www.tourism.gov.in/survey/HRA % 20- % 202008.pdf

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When working and supporting users of health and social care service I wouldn’t mind what sexual ordination the service user was, I would not discriminate against them. I would promote and uphold my values to protect them from harm. From experience I know many people have been discriminated on because of their gender. Some individuals will not be chosen for a particular job because they are male/female. Service users are also judged on their sexual ordinations, recently in the news according to Poots, Northern Irelands Health Minister he said that all gay men are not allowed to give blood. I feel this sexual ordination is being discriminated against, it is very bad practice and defeats the purpose of legislation created to protect individuals from this happening. I will promote and uphold my values to protect individuals from being discriminated against. http://www.bbc.co.uk/news/uk-northern-ireland-15014823 I think a pedophile and a murder would cause a barrier in the care setting I am working in. I have grown up knowing that they are bad from family, friends and the media. This may affect and hinder my work but as I am now aware of this negative point I need to work on this barrier. I can not make an assumption until I work and understand them, until then, I will try not to judge this group. New developments and changes to personal values can have a major impact on working in the Health and Social Care sector. Firstly a new development of mine is starting a new course; I have met new people and got to know them. Working in different practices can impact work in a care setting, partnership can be developed and new skills can be gained. I have started a new placement in Ceara School, I am very excited to see if it is the right area of health and social care I want to do further studying in. I feel this experience can be very education and rewarding. This experience will help me in my future and will give me a good start. I can now see that it is the first time I have looking at my values thoroughly and reflected on them, I  will challenge my values to become a better professional. I feel guest speakers were a new development of mine, they give me an insight into their organisation, and they also give me information on how I could get work experience. New developments and changes to my personal values can benefit the service user. I could reflect more in action rather than later, use communication more effectively and user my initiative in different situations. To conclude I believe that personal values is very significant in influencing my own work in the health and social care sector. I have found that my values are similar to the values of the Care Value Base and the Northern Ireland Social Care Council. I have found that there is legislation to protect individuals from unconfidentiality and anti-discriminatory practice also to promote dignity and respect, effective communication and culture and beliefs. I have also explored my new developments and what changes I could make to my personal values to create more effective and efficient care.

Macbeth: Macbeth - A Tragic Hero :: essays research papers

Macbeth: Macbeth - A Tragic Hero "(Sometimes a tragic hero is created, not through his own villainy), but rather through some flaw in him, he being one of those who are in high station and good fortune, like Oedipus and Thyestes and the famous men of such families as those." (Poetics, Aristotle). Every great tragedy is dominated by a protagonist who has within himself a tragic flaw, too much or too little of one of Aristotle's twelve virtues. In Macbeth, by William Shakespeare, Macbeth, a great Scottish general and thane of Glamis, has just won an important battle, when he is told by three witches that he will become thane of Cawdor and then king of Scotland. After Macbeth is given Cawdor by King Duncan, he takes the witches words for truth and conspires against Duncan with his wife. When Duncan comes to Macbeth's castle that night, Macbeth kills him and takes the crown for himself after Duncan's sons flee from Scotland. Then Macbeth reigns for a while, has several people killed, and is eventually slain by Macduff when he and Malcolm return leading the armies of England. Often people read the play and automatically conclude that Macbeth's tragic flaw is his ambition; that he is compelled to commit so many acts of violence by his lust for power. However, by carefully examining the first act, one can determine the defect in Macbeth's character that creates his ambition; his true tragic flaw. Macbeth's tragic flaw is not his ambition as most people believe, but rather his trust in the words of the witches and in his wife's decisions. At the beginning of the play Macbeth has no designs on the throne, and he does not start plotting until his wife comes up with a plan. When first faced with the witches' words, Macbeth expresses astonishment and disbelief rather than welcoming them when he says, "...to be King stands not within the prospect of belief, no more than to be Cawdor...."(1.3.73-75). When confronted with the witches' proclamation that he is to be king, Macbeth responds as a loyal subject would; not as a man with secret aspirations in his heart. He has no reason to hide his true feelings at this point so therefore it can be assumed that Macbeth has not yet truly considered killing the king. Even after the first of the witches' predictions comes true, Macbeth does not plot against the king but instead decides to leave it to chance. "(Aside) If chance will have me King, why, chance may crown me, Without my stir."(1.3.143-144). Macbeth has already been granted the title of thane of Cawdor, but still he

Sample questions and Exam

Sample questions Note: The purpose for providing sample questions is to show the format of questions that will be given in the midterm exam. The midterm exam will have more of both true false questions and short answer problems than those presented here. For more short answer problem types please look at the exercises sets. True-false questions: T Consider the two statements: I. X is an inferior good. II. X exhibits Giffen’s Paradox. The following is true: II implies I, but I does not necessarily imply II. F T F Suppose that at current consumption levels an individual’s marginal utility of consuming an extra hot dog is 10 whereas the marginal utility of consuming an extra soft drink is 2. Then the MRS (of soft drinks for hot dogs)—that is, the number of hot dogs the individual is willing to give up to get one more soft drink is 1/5. If the price of X falls, the budget constraint shifts inward in a parallel fashion. T F T F Suppose a cup of coffee at the campus coffee shop is $2. 50 and a cup of hot tea is $1. 25. Suppose a student’s beverage budget is $20 per week. The algebraic expression represents the budget constraint. Suppose a cup of coffee at the campus coffee shop is $2. 50 and a cup of hot tea is $1. 25. Suppose a student’s beverage budget is $20 per week. Suppose the student simply prefers more caffeine to less and that the tea sold has exactly one-third the caffeine as the coffee. The student will buy a mix of coffee and tea. T F (The student will buy only coffee) T F In economic theory, the demand for a good must depend only on income and its own price and not on the prices of other goods. T F If two goods are substitutes, then an increase in the price of one of them will increase the demand for the other. 1 T F If consumers spend all of their income, it is impossible for all goods to be inferior goods. A good is a luxury good if the income elasticity of demand for it is greater than 1. A rational consumer spends her entire income. If her income doubles and prices do not change, then she will necessarily choose to consume twice as much of every good as she did before. A consumer has the utility function U(x; y) = min(x,2y) If the price of good x is zero and the price of good y is p; then the consumer's demand function for good y is m/2p. Suppose a teenager likes both rap music (R) and country music (C) with a set of preferences so that U = C1/2R1/2. Point (C, R)=(100, 1) makes the teen the happier than point (C, R)=(25, 25). If a person’s indifference curves can be represented as a straight line, the person views the goods as complements (but not perfect). T T F F T F T F T F Short answer problems 1. Walt consumes strawberries and cream but only in the fixed ratio of three boxes of strawberries to two cartons of cream. At any other ratio, the excess goods are totally useless to him. The cost of a box of strawberries is 10 and the cost of a carton of cream is 10. Walt's income is 200. How many boxes of strawberries does Walt demand? Ans: Walt demands 12 boxes of strawberries. (NOTE that the utility function is U=min{2x,3y}) 2. Fanny consumes only grapefruits and grapes. Her utility function is U(x; y) = x3y6; where x is the number of grapefruits consumed and y is the number of grapes consumed. Fanny's income is 48, and the prices of grapefruits and grapes are 1 and 3, respectively. How many grapefruits will she consume? Ans: 16 3. Katie Kwasi's utility function is U(x1; x2) = 2(ln x1)+ x2. Given her current income and the current relative prices, she consumes 5 units of x1 and 20 units of x2. If her income 2 doubles, while prices stay constant, how many units of x1 will she consume after the change in income? Ans: 5 3. Suppose a new healthcare initiative for the working poor will be paid for with a reduction to the earned income tax credit. Suppose the average working poor family has income of $12,000 from work and an additional $4000 from the EITC. If there are two goods, H (healthcare) and C (all other consumption), what will be the equation for a budget line with the EITC? (Let prices of all goods and healthcare be normalized to 1). Ans: C = $16,000 – H 4. Suppose a teenager has $20 and likes both rap music (R) and country music (C) with a set of preferences so that U = C1/2R1/2. Suppose that the iTunes price of a rap music song is and the price of a country music song is . What is the greatest level of affordable utility? Ans: v50 3

Behavioral And Social Learning Approaches Personality Assessment

Personality can be defined as a hypothetical concept that constitute those relatively stable and enduring aspects of an individual which distinguishes them from other people making them unique, but which at the same time permit a comparison between individual. There are various approaches that conceptualize personality. These are; the psychoanalytic perspective, the trait theory, behaviorist (learning) theory, humanistic theories cognitive and biological approaches. This paper however will explore the behavioral and social learning theory approaches to personality.The focus will be in comparing and contrasting them and relating them to a personal personality disorder. The social learning theory is an approach that argues that we learn through imitation, modeling, and observation of other people behavior. If we observe a good behavior from other people, we are likely to behave well but if we observe bad behavior from them we behave badly. Albert Bandura is considered a major proponent of this theory. This approach also considers the environmental factors claiming they reinforce modeling.An individual can be reinforced directly by a model for example; a student can dress like other to fit in their group. A third person can also reinforce modeling. for example; a teacher may praise a certain student making the others to model him. It is also possible to imitate the behavior itself. For example; a student may play football during his leisure time influencing another to model the behavior. Social learning theory argues that reinforcement and punishment are necessary in learning. They influence the level at which a person demonstrates a learnt behavior. They argue that moral judgment concerning the right or wrong is modeled.Bandura outlined from major condition for modeling to occur; paying attention, remembering, ability to replicate, and motivation. Modeling leads to acquisition of new behavior, affects the frequency of embarking a learner behavior, encourages a fo rbidden behavior and increases the frequency of a similar behavior. They emphasize of self regulation in personality development. For example; setting own goals, self observation, self judgment and self reaction (Ormrod, J. E1999) The behavioral approach in personality assessment argues that personality can be acquired through observation.It put the environment accountable to personality difference among people. It assumes that we can understand other people by observing how they behave. It also argues that a response to certain stimuli molds behavior. Learning can occur though conditioning in both human and non human animals. It also assumes that all human are equal at birth. We are born a tabula rasa – empty slit – as we grow, the environmental factors molds our personality. Proponents of this approach include Skinners’ (1957) operant condition theory, Pavlov (1936) conditioning theory and Watson (1958). (Axialis Team 2008)Both the social learning and behavior al theories emphasize on observation learning to personality acquisition. They consider environmental factors that influence our personality. They also consider reinforcement and punishment an important factor in learning. However, social learning theory argues that learning is possible without necessarily changing the behavior. This contrast the behavioral approach that argues that learning must be represented by a permanent change in behavior. Social learning assumes people can learn through observation alone and which might not affect their performance thus may not or may impact behavior change.This contrasts the behavioral approach which assumes learning must involve a permanent change in behavior as well conditioning necessity in learning. Modeling, imitation and observation cannot be assumed in behavioral acquisition. Environmental factors too are very important in personality assessment. These two approaches consider this. They both make a step to explain broader personality to include the animals. On the other hand, we cannot assume the thought processes, unobservable activities, biological and genetic factors in personality assessment and which they assume.Conditioning approach can be useful in explaining how we develop a habit how we model it, who influence us towards the habit and how we can stop the habit. In my early stages of life, I used to like toys very much. My parent would make sure that they bought me. Initially, my elder brother used to like them too. My parents would buy him every time he performed better in school. He would spend time with them on his free time. He motivated my love for toys. When I started going to school, my parents adopted a similar strategy in buying me toys.It was not after I destroyed one like before, but after I performed better in school. I remember I had a hard time to adapt to this. Previously I mishandled them; after all they would buy me if damaged. This time round, it was based on performance. I wasn’ t a good performer but I had to work hard to get some new toys. If I didn’t perform well, the punishment was ‘no toy’. As time went by, my performance deteriorated. My parents withdrew their reinforcement. At the long run, there were no more new toys. The old ones were not pleasant at all. I hated them. My performance currently is better but I hate toys.In the behavioral view, I observed the habit from my brother and learnt it, the environmental factors, my parent, influenced me to possess the habit of destroying them in order to be bought some new. I was reinforced to work harder to get new toys. The negative stimulus, the punishment, was not to be bought new toys. The aversive stimulus was my parent’s withdrawal of new toys when my performance decreased. I later stopped liking toys a result of the negative reinforcement. In the social learning view, I learnt the habit from observing my brother; he used his free time well. My brother was my role model.I p aid attention to his habit, I rehearsed and was able to replicate the way he handled and treated the toys. However, my parent motivated me by realizing my habit and therefore bought me some more toys. I did not permanently adapt the behavior implying that learning does not necessarily change behavior. Social learning approach best describes my personality I was able to observe, pay attention, rehearse and replicate my brother’s behavior thus influencing my personality. I was able to regulate myself in settling my goals, observe and make my own judgment and choose my reaction from my parent’s move towards my habit.These theories explore the complexity of human nature. Whichever dimension they take as long as it explain personality assessment, is worth credential. However, if these approaches are merged they would have a better explanation to personality assessment. References Ormrod, J. E. (1999). Human learning. Social learning theory: Upper Saddle River, NJ: Prentice- Hall. Retrieved on Friday, October 31, 2008 from http://teachnet. edb. utexas. edu/~lynda_abbott/Social. html Axialis team (2008) Psychologist World. Behavioral approach. Retrieved on Friday, October 31, 2008 from http://www. psychologistworld. com/issues/behavioralapproach. php

Culture food and hospitality

Culture food and hospitality Food may be defined as something we consume in order to obtain essential nutrients so that we may be able to lead a healthy and balanced existence. However, this is a very narrow definition especially in the context of hospitality. Food not only provides us with essential nutrients, but also provides us with moments of pleasure, feelings of togetherness and happiness.(cheathouse.com/essay/essay_view.php?p_essay_id=1504There are many factors that affect choice of people. A major influencing factor affecting food choice is culture. There are many other factors as well, that are related to culture, which affect food choice. These include physical environment, history tradition, technology, economics, media and socialization. However, this paper will deal with only three of the above mentioned factors viz. the media, socialization and technology. All these three factors are linked with culture in some way or the other. Hence, in order to understand these three factors it is important th at we have an understanding about culture.Tasty Food Abundance in Healthy EuropeCulture is a learned experience; it is acquired by people as they live their daily lives. It is not biologically determined and therefore can be modified or unlearned. Culture is a group phenomenon, not an individual one. It is transmitted from one generation to another. It may be transmitted formally or informally by verbal instruction or by non-verbal cues and through personal examples. For example, it is an Indian tradition to greet someone by folding one's hands and saying 'Namaste'. This is something that is a part of Indian culture. However, it is changing as more and more people are exposed to western influences. This shows that culture can be modified to move with the changing times.Culture is something that is common to a particular geographic region. Sometimes, the culture of a particular region is not affected entirely by religion.

The Defeat Of Napoleon In Russia Essays - Military, Napoleonic Wars

The Defeat Of Napoleon In Russia Essays - Military, Napoleonic Wars The Defeat of Napoleon in Russia The Campaign of 1812 should have been a another crusade for Napoleon, but he now faced 2 new policies that he had never faced before, the severe Russian winter and the notorious scorched-earth policy. On June 23, 1812 Napoleon's Grande Armee, over 500,000 men strong, poured over the Russian border. An equal amount of Russian forces awaited them. The result of the campaign was a surprise. Two authors, General carl von Clausewitz and Brett James, show similarities in reasons why Napoleon had lost this campaign to Russia. Napoleon believed that after a few quick victorious battles, he could convince Alexander to return to the Continental System. He also decided that if he occupied Moscow, the Russian government would crumple and ask for peace. " A single blow delivered at the heart of the Russian Empire, at Moscow the Great, at Moscow the Holy, will ineztly put this whole blind, apathetic mass at my mercy." pg 6, 1812 Napoleon's Defeat in Russia. This was his belief he expressed in March 1812. However, when Napoleon eventually took over Moscow, the Tsar still did not surrender. Napoleon, sent a message to the Tsar, demanding a immediate surrender. However, the Tsar could not surrender because if he did, he would be assassinated by the nobles. Clausewitz replies by saying, " Napoleon was unable to grasp the fact that Alexander would not, could not negotiate. The Tsar knew well that he would be disposed and assassinated if he tried so." pg 256, The Campaign of 1812 in Russia. General Clausewitz said, "Napoleon believed if he defeated the Russian Army and occupied Moscow, the Russian leadership will fall apart and the government would call for peace." pg 253, The Campaign of 1812 in Russia Brett James also agreed that Napoleon's occupation had no result. " The occupation of Napoleon in Moscow did not have a effect on the government." pg 13, 1812 Napoleon's Defeat in Russia With his battle plan set, Napoleon prepared his troops for the attack on Russia. But, Napoleon did not consider the fierce Russian winter which awaited him. According to Ludwig Wilhelm Gottlob Schlosser, a onlooker, he described the army by saying, "The French, down to the lowliest drummer were very fastidious. These poor French devils were not satisfied with less than soup, meat and vegetables, roast, and salad for their midday meal, and there was no sign of their famous frugality. They were completely devoid of the coming winter." pg 13, 1812 Napoleon's Defeat in Russia Napoleon was even warned by General Rapp about the extremities of the oncoming winter in Russia. "The natives say we shall have a severe winter," Napoleon retorted scornfully, " Bah! You and your natives! We shall see how fine it is." pg 147, 1812 Napoleon's Defeat in Russia Napoleon should have heeded Rapp's words. As the Grand Armee marched toward Moscow, many horses and men were lost in the freezing snow, and for those who remained, their morale and effectiveness was at the nadir. General Clausewitz states his point by saying, " With more precaution and better regulations as to subsistence, with more careful consideration of his marches, which would have prevented the unnecessary and enormous accumulation of masses on one and the same road, he would have preserved his army in a more effective condition." pg 255, The Campaign of 1812 in Russia Brett James also shared the same opinion, " Napoleon appeared to have made no effort to discover the facts in Russia, or prepare his troops for it." pg 140, 1812 Napoleon's Defeat in Russia. As Napoleon and his army was making their way to Moscow, they encountered typhus, colds, and dysentery. Even the mighty Napoleon had caught a mild case of the flu. However, his soldiers had received the brunt of the attack. Captain Thomas- Joesph Aubry relives this ordeal, " After this the typhus made appalling inroads in our ranks. We were fourty-three officers in our ward. All of them died, one after the other, and delirious from this dreadful disease, most of them singing, some in Latin, others in German, others again in Italian - and singing psalms, canticles, or the mass." pg 210,

Art Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words - 62

Art - Essay Example This report shows the presentation of two undergraduate students during the 11th annual artistry symposium. A light humor at the beginning signals his commencement of the presentation of his research on Italian futurism and fascism. He begins by digging deep into the historical background of both Italian Futurism and its relationship to fascism. According to the speaker, futurism was an artistic movement and later overtaken by social movement and began in Italy in the early 1900s. The movement held in high esteem themes that were linked to contemporary concepts of the future such as violence, young people, technological development and speed. In addition, the movement spearheaded growth in cars, aero plane and a manufacturing city. According to the author, there is an obvious reality when Italian fascism is linked to futuristic movement in Italy. The roughly thirty minute’s presentation comes to an end when the presenter begins to request for questions from the section of the audience. the interaction from the audience is magnificent as the speaker shows great depth by responding to all the questions and engaging in interactive intellectual debates. Perhaps a personal opinion would rate highly the presentation as it is full of content, the structure of the presentation is effective, though it is non visual, a imaginary picturing of the presentation confirms the same. The presenter must have cone the research well as the material presented is packaged properly with a deep historical connections. A humor at the beginning overshadows everything and eliminates nervousness showed by his involvement in the answers at the end of the presentation. She commences the presentation without acknowledging the audience, at least from the limitations provided by the audio recording. A visual one could have provided sufficient chance to observe her body language. However, her presentation is rich in content, but she blubs in between the presentation

Comparing and Contrasting Culture and Education in Saudi Arabia and Essay

Comparing and Contrasting Culture and Education in Saudi Arabia and The USA - Essay Example or Mr. as titles. University students however can just call their professors by their first names and mostly, they are encouraged by their professors to do so, which in Saudi would be unpleasant to the ears and may be deemed a sign of disrespect so that adaptation has been difficult for me in this area. In addition, I also observed the form of instruction in the schools. American schools are interactive, with the teachers encouraging the students to participate in discussions, arguing about the subject matter and voicing out their minds with the teacher ready to aid them in channeling their thought to the right decisions, which is greatly different in my country where most of the talking comes from the teacher. The students are expected to sit down and listen in return, never challenging, negotiating or discussing the topic whether an individual agrees or disagrees, a student’s duty is to keep his mouth shut. Christianity is the widely embraced religion in America and the gove rnment founded its constitution in Christian beliefs. Saudi on the other hand established her laws from Islamic ideologies. Although both religions claim an identical story of creation and trace their ancestry to the same patriarchs, the differentiation would be as the names suggest, between the prophets Muhammad and Christ as well as their teachings. Speaking of government, the form used in Saudi is monarchy with council of ministers and consultative council helping the king in his government affairs. The king’s authority is limited because of the context of his role indicated in the Shari’a and other traditions (U.S. Department of State). America on the other hand,... This paper approves that media could be found to be a common phenomenon, affecting the countries’ success and legislation through the distribution of highly competent publications not only in the native tongues of both countries but in other languages as well. Legal issues and individual concepts are placed into the assessment of different sectors as the media make available the information released through broadcast or paper. And this is not just for people to express their interpretations of events but in response to the shared belief of a better environment we all could make. America has a greater number of immigrants from a wider scale of immigrants than that of Saudi. thais paper makes a conclusion that Nations could be entirely different but the fact cannot be denied that somehow, we are somewhat related to each other in unique ways. Looking at the data discussed in this paper, one could easily come up with an analysis of the approach a nation could employ in the making of its policies to meet the specific needs of different nations as each are different. A characteristic may be stronger in one nation than the other but this does not mean that the virtue is solely for that particular nation. In conclusion, as each have varied resources, nations should get involved in the exchange of benefits to build a global relationship that allows every nation to survive in this chaotic world.